Human Rights In Tibet :: Human Rights Essays

     In 1949, recently socialist China sent 35,000 soldiers to attack (Tibet Support Group UK 1). The year after that an arrangement was made. The bargain recognized sway over Tibet, yet perceived the Tibetan government’s self-sufficiency regarding interior undertakings. The Chinese disregarded the bargain on numerous events, however. This lead to the National Uprising in 1959, and from that point onward, the outcast of the Dalai Lama, otherworldly pioneer of Tibet, and numerous legislative pioneers (Office of Tibet 1).      During and after the Chinese attack of Tibet, there was mass decimation of Tibetan structures. More than 6,000 religious communities, sanctuaries and other social and notable structures were pulverized. The substance of the a large number of structures crushed was reclaimed to China and sold (Office of Tibet 3). The Tibetan individuals attempted to modify their nation, however the political pioneer who attempted to begin the â€Å"recuperation† strategy had to leave office not long after (Office of Tibet 2).      During the National Uprising alone 87,000 Tibetans were slaughtered. Another 430,000 passed on in the fifteen years of guerilla fighting that followed. Sources additionally state that up to 260,000 have kicked the bucket in jails and in labor camps (Tibet Support Group UK 3). Additionally, 200 unarmed regular citizens were executed during peaceful fights somewhere in the range of 1987 and 1989. Generally speaking 1,200,000 Tibetans have passed on since 1959. That is approximately one fifth of the number of inhabitants in Tibet (Office of Tibet 1). That does exclude the entirety of the passings of Tibetans during the Chinese attack, and those who solidified to death attempting to escape Tibet.      The Tibetan individuals who endure the murdering were denied what most think about base opportunities. One of which is opportunity of religion. Tibetan strict practice was persuasively smothered until 1979 (Tibet Support Group UK 4). Additionally, in mid 1989, Chinese specialists embraced a battle to fix power over strict practice. This battle increased the crackdown on the ace vote based system development (Churchward 1). The battle influenced Catholics, Protestants, Muslims, and Buddhists. Another strict concealment with respect to the Chinese is that they have restricted open festivals of Tibet’s Great Prayer Festival since China accepted that it would prompt patriot showings (Churchward 2). Presently all Tibetan places of worship, mosques, and sanctuaries must be enrolled, and to do as such, they should fulfill official guidelines (Churchward 1). Additionally, the main individuals allowed to perform strict obligations, as per Document #19, are the individual s who after assessment are considered â€Å"politically dependable, enthusiastic, and law-abiding† (Churchward 3).

Health Benefits of Dark Chocolate

Medical advantages of Dark Chocolate Natalija Miller Get Your Daily Dose of Chocolate: The Darker, The Better! It has been accounted for that there are particular kinds of microscopic organisms situated inside the human stomach that will really age chocolate into heart-solid, mitigating mixes. At the 247th National Meeting Exposition of the American Chemical Society, facilitated at the Dallas Convention Center this last March, this end was drawn and introduced. Maria Moore who is shockingly enough, an undergrad understudy taking a shot at this examination expressed that two distinct sorts of microorganisms live inside a person’s stomach. There are acceptable ones like â€Å"Bifidobacterium and lactic corrosive bacteria†, which help to separate the chocolate, and afterward there’s the not all that good ones, for example, a few types of Clostridia and E. coli, which have been known to deliver irritation, yet in addition to conceivably cause â€Å"gas, swelling, looseness of the bowels and constipation†. She takes note of that, â€Å"When you eat dull chocolate, they [the great microbes] develop and age it, delivering intensifies that are against inflammatory†. These analysts from Louisiana State University, drove by John Finley, Ph.D., are the first to lead an examination about dim chocolate’s consequences for the various microscopic organisms that dwell inside the stomach. It was said that when the mixes are ingested, they successfully diminish the chance of a stroke in later years by reducing cardiovascular tissue aggravation. By testing an aggregate of 3 distinct kinds of cocoa powder in a fake stomach related tract made out of â€Å"modified test tubes† used to mirror typical assimilation, these analysts, â€Å"subjected the non-absorbable materials to anaerobic aging utilizing human fecal bacteria†. The primary fixing in chocolate, what makes chocolate, chocolate cocoa powder, contains a bounty of polyphenolic mixes (cancer prevention agents) catechin and epicatechin being two unmistakable models and dietary fib er in a generally limited quantity, the two of which are â€Å"poorly processed and absorbed†. Finley then clarified that, â€Å"In our examination we found that the fiber is matured and the huge polyphenolic polymers are used to littler atoms, which are all the more effortlessly retained. These littler polymers display calming activity†. Likewise, polyphenols found in the stomach might be changed over or changed to lessen aggravation by consolidating prebiotics and cocoa powder fiber, expanding one’s in general wellbeing. Prebiotics can be characterized as mind boggling sugars that can't be separated and processed, however the great microscopic organisms in the stomach like to â€Å"eat† them. Finley then proceeded to state that, â€Å"When you ingest prebiotics, the advantageous gut microbial populace increments and outcompetes any unfortunate organisms in the gut, similar to those that cause stomach problems†. This article finished with a note o n how dull chocolate could end up being much progressively useful whenever joined with things like pomegranate, acai berry or other strong organic products (American Chemical Society, 2014). To the extent how this idea relates to the things that we have discussed in class this previous year, we may need to jump somewhat more profound into the procedure than this article goes. Since we presently can't seem to truly pick up anything about physio-science which is the place a lion's share of these ideas apply we’re must talk in rather broad terms. Considering the way that the class is named, â€Å"General Chemistry†, it would appear to be sensible to do only that. First of all, we should consider a lab that was done somewhat from the get-go in the year. While talking about dissolvability in class, a lab was done in which a specific arrangement was suspended in a test tube, joined with another arrangement and afterward warmed until a strong was delivered. This procedure shaped something many refer to as a ‘precipitate’. Encourage is characterize in the word reference as, â€Å"to cause (something strong) to get isolated from a fluid particularly by a concoction process† (alluding to the technique) or simply as a â€Å"a substance accelerated from a solution† (the strong itself) (Merriam-Websters online word reference, n.d.). The other idea worth observing is thermodynamics. We have talked about Gibbs Free Energy in class these previous not many weeks. This also assumes a job. A. D. McNaught and A. Wilkinson, the compilers of Compendium of Chemical Terminology, second ed. (the Gold Book), allude to a procedure called Ostwald Ripening a procedure in which little, strong particles in a fluid compound are removed from arrangement, while the disintegrated species dwelling outwardly of those bigger particles experience redeposition. This procedure is one of the key fundamental supporters of processing. Food enters the stomach which is suspended (permitting the impacts of gravity) put in an answer of hydrochloric corrosive, potassium chloride, and sodium chloride (gastric corrosive) (Stewart, 1981), warmed by the body, and afterward, through Ostwald Ripening, the food comes out as a bigger, â€Å"purer/cleaner† (American Chemical Society, 2014), hastened substance . One reason why this procedure goes over so easily is on the grounds that, â€Å"smaller particles have a higher surface vitality, thus higher all out Gibbs vitality, than bigger particles, of fering ascend to a clear higher solubility† (McNaught Wilkinson, 1997). These ideas are imperative to observe, as for the article about how extraordinary dim chocolate is for a person’s by and large wellbeing, in light of the fact that so as to see how the chocolate is separated and consumed, there should be an establishment for how the procedure functions by and large. Understanding that the substance will separate in the stomach and the basics for that activity, will open up a superior establishment for somebody to capture what the article was expressing. The analysts presumed that chocolate contains two inadequately processed materials. After the short conversation on what absorption is, it can discovered that chocolate has certain substances that can't be encouraged. What at that point does the body do with what it can't process, or separate? Indeed, the appropriate response as indicated by the article is that they are â€Å"eaten†, aged, utilized and afterward consumed by microscopic organisms. On account of cocoa powder, the results o f this procedure have mitigating properties and can decrease the danger of stroke and stomach issues (American Chemical Society, 2014). Despite the fact that all the data on absorption was excluded from this article, I figured what they included was adequately assembled, yet as I would see it, to any individual who isn’t definitely educated about the subject in probably some limit, would leave the article thinking just, â€Å"Sweet, dull chocolate is beneficial for me. I ought to eat a greater amount of it.† While this article isn't really advancing such activity, it’s not contradicting it either. The data, be that as it may, is by all accounts outfitted towards the individuals who do, truth be told, have a previously settled establishment for this kind of material. I felt that the article was very peruser cordial and attempted to give anybody inquisitive enough to find out about it a fundamental diagram of the investigation, yet I was at last left addressing more than I was before understanding it. As a result of what I have found out about thermodynamics, dissolvability and precipitation, I need to ponder a few things. For example, how do great microorganisms â€Å"eat† away the unpredictable starches and dietary fiber and afterward age it? Is the procedure radically unique in relation to absorption? What kind of warmth is required for that response to happen? I am keen on how, toward the finish of each procedure both absorption and maturation/utilization supplements from the substance eaten are consumed. How is the procedure of occasions distinctive for every response? I need to consider how these mixes have mitigating properties after retention. What do those bacterium do to the dull chocolate’s parts, and eventually, why isn’t the microscopic organisms processed or matured? Does it have to do with what responses happen inside the stomach? That would my best conjecture. These are on the whole inquiries that I pose to myself now since general science has shown me a great deal about responses, what will respond, what won’t and in what limit. Thus, I am left pondering increasingly about what it is actually that is going on in my stomach, when I eat dim chocolate, yet whenever I put food in my mouth. How does our body realize how to process certain nourishments? This idea is intriguing, and I have general science to thank for that. Works Cited American Chemical Society. Press Room. (2014, March 18). The exact purpose behind the medical advantages of dull chocolate: secret explained. Recovered May 29, 2014, from http://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/pressroom/newsreleases/2014/walk/the-exact purpose behind the-medical advantages of-dim chocolate-secret solved.html McNaught, A. D., Wilkinson, A. (1997). Ostwald aging. Abridgment of Chemical Terminology (the Gold Book). Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications. hasten. n.d., In Merriam-Webster.com. Recovered May 29, 2014, from http://www.merriam-webster.com/word reference/hasten Stewart, P. A. (1981). Part 1: 1.5 Other Bodily Fluids. The most effective method to comprehend corrosive base: a quantitative corrosive base introduction for science and medication. New York: Elsevier.

Observations at Roosevelt middle school Essay

I see at Roosevelt Middle School, which is in River Forest, in Mrs. Braun’s 6th grade English class on Tuesdays toward the beginning of the day. As I have watched, I have seen that the study hall is understudy focused. During PC time, Mrs. Braun concentrated more on helping the understudies get into the PC program to begin the task than on having sufficient opportunity to complete the task. A few times, Mrs. Braun gave supportive remarks on the best way to get things done on the PC or in the program, for example, how to introduce programmed spell check. Mrs. Braun was likewise exceptionally persistent as she was being posed inquiries while she was attempting to clarify the task. From what I saw, a few understudies were getting exhausted, however, while the task was being disclosed and begun murmuring to one another. Be that as it may, the murmuring stopped when the understudies needed to begin on the task. I have likewise seen that there is by all accounts a solid arrangement of rules set up in Mrs. Braun’s study hall. This is apparent through some of Mrs. Braun’s unpretentious, and not really unobtrusive, updates. For instance, she delicately made a case of an understudy by calling attention to that his beautified pen (with a senseless topper on it) was not permitted in class on the off chance that it would have been played and not utilized. She offered a general expression that all pens like it are not invited is they will be played with. Generally speaking, the understudies adhere to the guidelines well overall, and there have not been any serious disturbances. There has just been murmuring at times, yet it halted when Mrs. Braun inquired. Disciplinary methodologies appear to be set up too, in spite of the fact that I have not seen any order utilized while I have been watching the class. There is even a daily schedule set up in the homeroom for every period. During period one, most importantly, old assignments are gathered by Mrs. Braun, and afterward jargon is secured. At that point a jargon task is given with some other new assignments on what is being spread in class. Next the instructor peruses or goes over any appointed readings from the book that is being canvassed in class. This is a similar essential daily practice for period two. The third time frame is PC time and the routine appears to differ. There is a brisk progress from movement to action during these schedules. The study hall condition is that of a fundamental study hall setting. There are a few enrichments and different things holding tight the divider. Among the beautifications is a hand-made schedule on the divider by Mrs. Braun’s work area. There is a past filled with each student’s keep going name on the divider on the opposite side of Mrs. Braun’s work area. There is by all accounts a controlled temperature and lighting in the study hall and they are set at a satisfactory setting. The room is organized with five gatherings of work areas in a round sort shape. In the room is where new assignments are put and perusing diaries are kept. There are various areas all through the space for various supplies. With the design of the room, it appears there is satisfactory space to move around and do in-class exercises. The physical space likewise appears to be helpful for instructing and learning. The physical space, including seating and gathering game plans, appears to improve collaboration and learning in light of the fact that there is by all accounts less interruptions around them. There is by all accounts less interruptions on the grounds that the understudies have less individuals to converse with than if they were situated in columns, however they may in any case be enticed to talk. This study hall appears to work well as an all out condition through its design. I have watched numerous things in my first two perceptions in Quite a while. Braun’s class. The understudies do a great deal of in-seat assignments, for example, freebees. There is by all accounts a couple of good ventures being done yet they are done generally outside of class. I feel that some time ought to be spent in class dealing with the undertakings, regardless of whether it is 10-15 minutes. The format appears both a smart thought and an ill-conceived notion. It appears to be a smart thought in such a case that one understudy stalls out on something, there are others around to help. It is by all accounts a poorly conceived notion, however, in light of what I expressed previously, there is as yet the allurement for the understudies to talk when they are not assume to and occupy one another. The main ramifications I have is that it appears that some old techniques are difficult to abandon, for example, occupied work (hand outs), for progressively intelligent strategies (communication with one another).

It Governance Danone Essays

It Governance Danone Essays It Governance Danone Essay It Governance Danone Essay DANONE CORPORATE GOVERNANCE Analyze DANONE’S corporate administration system in the three significant zones of â€Å"effective IT administration mechanisms† Mechanisms that encourage dynamic: First of all, Information Technology (IT) administration implies the choice rights and responsibility structure for empowering alluring conduct in its utilization. As of late, IT administration has gotten basic for guaranteeing that IT-related choices coordinate vast targets; especially with the advancement of different apparatuses in the IT zone. Great IT administration makes organizations increasingly effective by setting up composed components that connect targets to quantifiable objectives. As per the article â€Å"Recipe for Good IT Governance†, there are five sorts of choices organizations can experience: 1. IT standards choices directing the job of IT in the undertaking 2. IT design choices on specialized decisions and bearings 3. IT foundation choices on the conveyance of shared IT administrations 4. Business application prerequisites choices for each venture 5. IT speculation and prioritization choices Before Analyzing Danone’s corporate administration technique, one should look on to the â€Å"Effective IT Governance Mechanisms† which are ordered into three regions and scored on a 1 to 5 scale, 1 being exceptionally inadequate and 5 being profoundly powerful: Effective IT Governance Mechanisms To have great administration as far as data, an organization needs, as far as possible the quantity of dynamic structures and give away from for each kind of IT choice to people who can acknowledge responsibility for the results of those choices. Second, they ought to make covering obligations regarding IT choices to guarantee cross-coordination. At last, senior administration ought to be engaged with significant IT choices since they build up key bearing and characterize alluring conduct for the administration and utilization of IT. To take a gander at DANONE as an organization, it has a special method of activity, which gives the association its worth, isolated from other all around working organizations and it tends to be to a great extent portrayed as receptiveness, thought sharing, and cooperation, with an objective to boost worker contribution. It additionally works in provincial levels alongside item classes, as opposed to other worldwide organizations which as a rule have exceptionally organized incorporated frameworks. Administrative people group and PO (People and Organization) are two models that show the uniqueness of DANONE’s activity and empower the organization to work in a much decentralized way, effectively cooperating with differing branches of the system framework. By having the adaptable, decentralized framework, the organization gets ready to adjust to nearby changes-general conditions. DANONE has additionally presented web 2. 0 to quicken dynamic. Web 2. alludes to web applications which encourage intuitive data sharing, interoperability, client fixated structure and cooperation on the World Wide Web and on account of DANONE it incorporates web journals, video visit and wiki. At long last, the organization has a â€Å"Biological organization model†. It accentuates development and along these li nes incorporates visit workshops. The organization likewise actualized apparatuses, for example, SAP and ERP which represents Systems Applications and Products, and Enterprise Resource Planning individually. To accentuate the ‘network’ they likewise have a ‘market place’ which is an administration apparatus for sharing and trading thoughts.

Rogerian Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Rogerian - Essay Example Economies were annihilated; lives lost, families isolated, individuals became impaired and other decimating impacts were experienced. During the wars, there are nations that controlled themselves from getting included. For instance, the U.S.A in the Second World War didn't for quite a while get included. It was just when the Pearl Harbor was besieged that they participated in the war. Today wars between states have not stopped, however the nations that know well the result, search for different alternatives on the grounds that there are different choices. Like in the case of the U.S.A refered to over, the way that it in the end joined the war shows that there are times that war is the main alternative now and again to tackle global debates. Mohammed S. Halal in his paper examined this part of legitimate war. For this situation, he expressed that it is just fundamental when it is about the insurance of human security and not state security. For instance, the wars against Somalia, Libya, Liberia and Iraq were helpful in nature (Helal, 558). He further expresses that these wars safeguarded the lives of the residents in these nations. This is an admirable sentiment; be that as it may, with the political idea of war, distinguishing between a compassionate emergency and an instance of state security would not be simple. Nations are political, and war is only a narrow minded articulation. A state security assurance case will handily go for a philanthropic emergency. Robert and John survey the ‘bush doctrine’ on whether preventive war is advocated. The explanation this is known as the bramble precept is on the grounds that, Bush in 2002, expressed that the United States can't simply sit and look as different nations get ready weapons of mass decimation. That would influence the U.S, and its partners (Christopher, 194). The creators contend that for similar reasons that compassionate reasons are utilized to legitimize war, preventive war can likewise be advocated (Delahaunty and John, 828). Preventive war is deciphered as an

Essay about Leadership - 275 Words

Essay about Leadership (Essay Sample) Content: The essay addresses the question à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Does the process of leadership vary with external factors such as the company setup and company's presence in a particular industry? Effective leadership is about inspiring a team to work together towards a common goal. In this context, leadership goals may remain same within two companies that belong to the same industry (Alvesson 1990). To understand further, we should identify the various challenges faced by the leader in effectively playing the leadership role (Burns 1978). A leader represents an organization's identity and all the stakeholders can see the reflection of leadership in the company's products, services and the employees. Some of the key challenges faced by an effective leader are: (1) Forming a cohesive team that works together towards a common organizational goal. (2) Bringing together individual team members when they belong to different backgrounds and cultures that is a common work culture needs to be formed in the organization (Fullan 2001). (3) Identifying the individual team member aspirations and aligning them with the organizational goal. (4) Following an inclusive pattern of leadership whereby each team member starts believing in their leader and each team member proactively leads the organizational objectives in an individual capacity. Identifying the right leadership style There are various thoughts about the way a leader can conduct the leadership role and the ultimate goal that a leader should strive to achieve. From a managerial point of view leadership is about managing people by inspiring them to take action that will result in the fulfillment of the corporate objectives (Calas et al. 1997). Managing people is one of the critical aspects of being a leader because employees from the team belong to diverse cultural backgrounds. Applying collective wisdom and involving the team members in each stage of the project will be beneficial for two reasons: Firstly, the team members will believe that their services are actually considered as valuable and this will increase their job satisfaction. Secondly, the team members will contribute better towards the common goal of organizational success considering the recognition they receive from the leader (Egri et al. 2000). More so the real contribution of the team comes from an individual sense of belonging towards the company and the need to proactively support the organizational goals. Hence, the right leadership style is creation of this need for the employees, to enhance the belief that they are part of the organization and that they will always matter to the organization. Organizational culture The culture of a company varies depending on the company management that is the leaders of the company. In some companies individual contribution matters more than group contribution whereas in others it is a reverse scenario (Graen et al. 1995). For instance, in a business process outsourcing environment, service level agreements (SLA) are signed and a team is expected to perform according to the SLA terms and conditions. Each team member is expected to support the other team member who is lagging behind (Fiedler 1967). Organize and streamline by innovating, learning, implementing and sharing is usually the mission of business process outsourcing companies. On the other hand, an insurance company's actuarial department may value individual contribution of a talented actuary and implement the underwriting policies suggested by the actuary. This is also similar to a democratic government where the president/prime minister has full authority to implement various laws and policies that affects the way the citizens of a country will pursue their rights and responsibilities (Fry 2003). Industry culture The way an industry should work can only be defined in theory (Homans 1950). In practice, the industry works according to its distinguished characteristics. These distinguished characteristics or features of a given industry are defined by the business practices or the type of product and service that the organization is selling to the consumer (House et al. 1997). For instance, in the insurance industry, push-selling is dominant across the globe that is customers need to be convinced by offering discounts on insurance premium and other benefits to sell them the insurance product (Gustafson et al. 1995). On the other hand, in the medicine sector that is for the doctors and hospitals à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" they define and recommend the medical treatment and all that the customer/patient can do is to follow the recommendation. There is not much scope to bargain for a discount towards a particular medicine treatment such as a heart surgery. A heart surgery will cost almost the same in every hospital of a particular country (Gustafson et al. 1995). Type of organizations and individual role The organization could be a non-profit public sector or a profit private sector organization. Hence, the individual ambitions will vary according to the type of organization. Further the role (Sales, Administration) that is played also provides guidance to an individual to act towards a particular objective (Fiedler 1967). This is to say that the sales personnel will look for more business whereas the operations personnel will focus on the quality of work to be delivered. Either ways the individual is paid a salary that needs to be justified by meeting all the duties of the role and roles are defined only in theory and printed in black and white (Fry 2003). Conclusion The process of leadership can be said to be homogeneous in meeting the common goal that is the success of an organization. The objectives are homogeneous ...

Marketing Assignment On Market Analysis Hilton Hotel - 1375 Words

Marketing Analysis of Hampton by Hilton Hotel in Jewelry Quarter Birmingham (Essay Sample) Content: Marketing Analysis of Hampton by Hilton Hotel in Jewelry Quarter BirminghamNameName of ClassName of InstructorName of SchoolDateMarketing Analysis of Hampton by Hilton Hotel in Jewelry Quarter BirminghamBackgroundLocated in Birmingham, in the worlds famous Birmigham jewellery Quarter, 10 minutes from Birmingham city center andeasily access through the M5 and M6 motorway, the Hampton is a luxurious hotel that offers guests a feel-at-home environment coupled with a wide range of amenities too guarantee a comfortable stay. Being a hotel operating within the mid-price segment, the Hampton Hotelencounters a significant level of competition. Business strengths, including huge popularity and staff diversification have been instrumental in ensuring the hotel handles this competition, as diversification promotes new cultures and practices (Hastings, 2007). Despite this, the hotel faces weaknesses such as inability to reach a wider customer population resulting from the fact th at the hotel has not fully exploited market opportunities provided by modern technological developments(Lusch, Vargo and Tanniru, 2010). Modern internet technology especially plays a key role in accessing wider market for products (Armstrong, 2011). A promising fact however, is that the hotel enjoys opportunities such as continued expansion in the utilization of its brand name, meaning, the hotel is better placed in expanding its customer base (Cho and Hyoung, 2006). Also, the availability of social media provides access to wider customer range as it connects a large number of people globally (Nicholls, 2010).Target MarketHampton has a well defined target market, which reaches people of all classes and age.. The market segmentation adopted by the Hampton hotel is based on understanding customer behavior, as well as the quality of service the customers expect, classified as a price-quality segmentation. This mid-price segment hugely comprises of individuals and families within the mi ddle class capable of affording the middle-tier brand of services and goods. The Hampton hotel has been outstanding in providing customer-based services to much appreciation of its guests. This has been attributed to a strong leadership structure, which puts significant emphasis on provision of exemplary services. The hotel design, consisting of a finish level categorized from mid-to-upper tier, with improvedguest rooms design, improvedlobbies, expanded areas of fitness and services such as free access to high-speed internet complement its recognition as a quality performer in the hospitality sector.Image and PositioningAn image for an organization is meant to enhance and augment the positioning concept communication. In cases where the concept is straightforward, there is no need of the image (Lefebvre, 2011). The right image serves to promote the objectives and interested of the business, whereas a tainted image limits the business fortunes and competitiveness (Chang and Zixue, 20 05). The Hamptons current brand image focuses on market development, diversification of its products and services, development of new generation products and services and also growth in its already existing market. The Hampton hotel has been previously overshadowed by the popularity of the Hilton hotel and as such its poplarity in the market stood at a low point. However, with strategies such as extensive advertising and promises of a significant improvement in the level of excellence in its service delivery, an influx in the number of guest has been witnessed. Owing to the comprehensive examination of the current image also, the hotel realized that its competitors targeted higher customer segments because of affordable prices on their services (Steward and Bruce 2010), and in response, the hotel sought to provide services at affordable prices.Positioning stands as an important part towards the launch of a product and the organization as a whole in the market as it influences and co ntrols the market perception of the organization. The image of the organization in the minds of the target customers is created by the positioning of the products offered by the organization (Frey, Carl and Gary, 2000). Ensuring above average profitability is solely dependent on the sustainability of competitive advantage of the company (Levine, 2010). Competitive advantage is demonstrated through differentiation and through low cost. With a sufficient focus on the two basic approaches to competitive advantage, the activities of the company may enable it achieve the three generic strategies, which are focus, cost leadership, and differentiation (MacInnis, 2004).The Hampton hotel has been keen in enhancing both its cost and differentiation advantages, which are the major factors for sustainable competitive advantage (Stephen and Frederick, 2005). Among such operations has been the hotels ability to deliver similar benefits to those of its competitors at a relatively low cost (Joseph and Aimee, 2008). Owing to the fact that competitive advantage facilitates creation of superior value by the firm for the customers as well as superior profits for the company (Neuendorf, 2002),the Hapmton hotels most important aspect is its ability to bring down costs while enhancing efficiency (Defourny and Nyssens, 2010), thus maintaining its positional advantage (Madill, Brouard and Hebb, 2010).Majority of businesses are bound to fail because of incompetence among its leadership (Madill, Brouard and Hebb, 2010) but in Hampton hotel, the invention and design of efficient human resource and employee satisfaction has been tasked to a competent management team which ensures smooth operation and profitability of the hotel (Richards and Catharine, 2002).Hampton hotel has the ability to identify avenues of profitability and understand the costs of internal activities which determine its performance in the marketplace (Potter and Karyn, 2007). This means that Hampton hotel can have a d ifferentiation benefit and a relative low cost principle that would see its success irrespective of the challenges facing it (Nelson and Hye-Jin, 2007). Differentiation advantage makes consumers perceive that the hotel provides unique products that meet their needs. Uponachieving this, the hotel can exploit the advantage by increasing the price of its services until it offsets improvement in the consumer benefits or price its products below that of its competitors to build a large market share, a strategy (Stevenson and Linda, 2011). The low costs benefit would allow the company to maintain its productivity through maintaining current performance while gaining market share and matching the price of the competing services to increase its performance and profitability (Andreasen and Kotler, 2003). Hampton develops and maintains an inbound logistic that is well-structured, which is efficient in managing all its operations. For instance, the company has managed to maintain an upward tre nd in the number of customers using its services, and this has facilitated the expansion of the company operations (Kerr and Don).Strategy and Tactics in MarketingBuilding relationshipsBuilding relationship by the hotel would require the hotel management to integrate the various promotion mix elements in order to meet the requirements for information for all customers on target (Crano and Michael, 2002). This implies that the promotion mix is meant for the satisfaction of both regular and prospective buyers. Certain elements are thus meant for the customers who have no knowledge of the product, while the rest are for customers that are informed of the product have a higher likelihood of purchasing it (Ziegler, 2010). Customer relationship is also a vital aspect in the operations of the Hamptons Hotel. A friendly, welcoming staff awaits every guest. The staff aim at recognizing every guest by their firs names thus creating a good rapoort with them. Product promotion activities includ ing vast and catchy advertisements on a number of websites help in educating the public about the numerous services at the hotel. Thus attracting new guests and informing the already existing guests of new developments in he hotel.Implementation and ControlAmong the major elements the hotel should embrace arehigh levels of advertisement through the numerous platforms that include the internet, radio, television, brochures, billboards and catalogues (Bailey, 2006). Secondly, promotions and exhibitions would persuade the public into adopting the hotels products and services and publicizing news that contain the hotels policies, which is cost effective and informative, should be adopted (Rodgers and Esther, 2000).Lastly, sales promotions stimulate the market, consumer demand, and improve product availability and when coupled withdirect marketing,customers who lackaccess to advertising channels such as newspapers, radio and television are reached(Nyilasy and Leonard, 2007).ReferencesAnd reasen, A. R., 2002. Marketing social marketing in the social change marketplace.Journal of Public Policy Marketing,21(1), pp.3-13.Andreasen, A R. and Kotler, P., 2003. Strategic Marketing for Non-profit Organizations, 6th edn. Prentice Hall: Upper Saddle River, New Jersey.Armstrong, J. S., 2011. Evidence-based advertising., 30 (5), pp.74367.Bailey, A. A., 2006. A year in the life of the African-American male in advertising: A content analysis.Journal of Advertising,35(1), pp.83-104.Chang, T. K., and Tai, Z., 2005. Mass communication research and the invisible college revisited: The changing landscape and emerging fronts in journalism-related studies.Journalism Mass Communication Quarterly,82(3), pp.672-694.Cho, C. and Hyoung, K., 2006. The State of Internet Related Research in Communications, Marketing, and Advertising: 1994 2...

Job Interview At The United States - 1491 Words

Introduction At the age of 17 I enlisted in the United States Navy, and since have completed multiple combat deployments, lived overseas and been a part of multiple other billets representing the United States of America. These were times well spent, however, only to a very limited extent did they prepare me to conduct an affective and articulate job interview. Present day, the U.S. Military has implemented an extensive job interview process, with the goal of selecting qualified individuals for vital roles within our government. The job interview project opened my eyes to a world of preparation and focus that I never knew existed. In this paper, I prepare a job-interview strategy, identifying a few character traits that are the foundation of my being, and then link these traits to memorable life experiences that have had a profound effect upon me and those who I interacted with. The next few sections of the paper entail observations and a critique of a recently conducted mock jo b interview, and my â€Å"elevator speech† which is hyper-linked for reference. I conclude with vital lessons learned throughout the job interview process and project courses of action for a successful outcome from future interviews. Key traits and life-experiences that have shaped who I am Spending a fair amount of time deployed in the defense of the United States of America has led me to appreciate all that this country has to offer, and not take the freedoms we enjoy for granted. Most of all,Show MoreRelatedThe Impact Of Immigration On The United States1148 Words   |  5 Pagesthe melting pot that is the United States. It is a plethora of cultural variation and ethical treasure as well as a place that gives great opportunities to attain wealth. Waves of immigrants came crashing down upon the United States in search of this wealth, all seeking the American Dream that they heard of from their respective homelands. Even still, the quest to realize this dream draws in many from afar and as a result; immigrants are still drawn to the United States. Entwined with the topic ofRead More1. Introduction . The Study Of Neighborhood Effects On1572 Words   |  7 Pagescommunities in Mexico and two cities in the United States. First, using the interviews of my mother and fath er I examine how their migration from poor, rural, communities in Mexico to Arvin, CA, a neighborhood in the United States, improved their access to health care. Despite the fact that this neighborhood is a low-income community, it has a higher income level relative to the extreme poverty experienced in the communities in Mexico. Second, using the interview of my eldest sister I examine how her moveRead MoreLegal Immigration : Harder Than It Sounds1319 Words   |  6 PagesThe Great Seal of the United States itself displays the quote â€Å"E Pluribus Unum,† meaning, â€Å"Out of Many, One.† As a nation, we say that we welcome immigrants, and the diversity that they bring. However, words are about as far as our hospitality extends to those looking to integrate themselves into our multicultural nation. The first item that this paper will examine is the â€Å"visa† program. A visa is a temporary pass allowing an individual to travel through or into the United States. There are many typesRead MoreFor This Assignment, I Knew I Wanted To Interview A Person1673 Words   |  7 PagesFor this assignment, I knew I wanted to interview a person who worked as some sort of child psychologist. I decided to interview a child psychologist because I am interested in working with immigrant children and advocating specifically for their mental health. In order to identify a professional to interview, I first contacted local mental health offices, but there were a limited amount of child psychologists, and many scheduling difficulties for the few that were available. Although I struggledRead MoreResearch And Analysis Of Hr Recruiting Event For A Financial Analyst Position1709 Words   |  7 Pages Final Paper Milestone #2 Student Nan Liu United States University: MGT504 HR Leadership 10/04/2015 Professor Jennifer Newmann Executive Summary This paper provides details about the research and analysis of HR recruiting event for a financial analyst position in a credit card company named Discover Financial Services in their headquarter Riverwoods, Illinois. Discover Financial Services is a leading firm, whose main product Discover card is one of the major credit cards in US market.Read MoreAnalysis Of Pine Island And The State Of Minnesota And School Board1494 Words   |  6 Pagesin a bind when it comes to carrying out tasks such as filing for income tax returns. I’ve personally ran into issues regarding tax returns, which has caused both the state and federal government to reimburse me for the incorrect amount. High schools tend to have a sole focus on teaching only the required material mandated by the state of Minnesota and school board. High school isn’t supposed to teach students only the basics in order to move on to a post-secondary education option also teach themRead MoreThe Importance Of Being A S pecial Agent861 Words   |  4 PagesThe Federal Bureau of Investigation is the United States main federal law enforcement agency. It is operated under the United States Department of Justice and is a member of the United States National Intelligence Community. The National Bureau of Criminal Identification was founded 1896 in order to identify criminals across the nation. This organization was combined with numerous other agencies and changed names multiple times. In 1935 this organization was given its final name, The Federal BureauRead MoreAll Immigrants Should Become A United States Citizen1527 Words   |  7 PagesEnglish IV 7 October 2015 All Immigrants Should Become a United States Citizen The United States is built off of immigration with the influxes of immigrants from all around the world. Immigrants come all the way from germany to across the pacific ocean. Immigrants have also came here for the reason that they heard there is better jobs and a more luxurious lifestyle. Most of the immigrants came with special requirements that only certain jobs will accept. These immigrants are know as economy boostersRead MoreThe Career Exploration Research Project Essay1522 Words   |  7 Pagescould harm the environment’s niche, the balance of the water system due to fertilization runoff which causes algae growth and the forest I could send a letter to the President of the United States and request for it to be preserve. In simple words I am basically studying the biomes of the world in the United States and the consequences of chemicals in the water systems and their long term effects. 2.What is one long term goal that you have on your agenda to achieve in the next 6 months to a yearRead MorePower Of Power And Power Control992 Words   |  4 Pageshad an interview with a teacher, Cynthia Morgan, in one of the states in the United States. Through the interview, Cynthia shared honestly about her daily tasks while working as a teacher in school and her points of view about wielding power and abiding by others’ power. Firstly, Cynthia is a teacher as well as the head of the Science department in a school in the United States. As a civil servant, she has some duties that she has to complete being the leader that she is. From the interview, clearly

How to Find the Symbol of an Ion

This worked chemistry problem demonstrates how to determine the symbol for the ion when given the number of protons and electrons. Problem: Give the symbol of an ion that has 10 e- and 7 p. Solution: The notation e- refers to electrons and p refers to protons. The number of protons is an elements atomic number. Use the periodic table to find the element with an atomic number of 7. This element is nitrogen, which has the symbol N. The problem states that there are more electrons than protons, so we know the ion has a negative net charge. Determine the net charge by looking at the difference in the number of protons and electrons: 10 - 7 3 more electrons than protons, or a 3- charge. Answer: N3- Conventions for Writing Ions When writing the symbol for an ion, the one- or two-letter element symbol is written first, followed by a superscript. The superscript has the number of charges on the ion followed by a (for positive ions or cations) or - (for negative ions or anions). Neutral atoms have a charge of zero, so no superscript is given. If the charge is /- one, the 1 is omitted. So, for example, the charge on a chlorine ion would be written as Cl-, not Cl1-. General Guidelines for Finding Ions When the numbers of protons and electrons are given, its easy to figure out the ionic charge. More often, you wont be given this information. You can use the periodic table to predict many ions. The first group (alkali metals) usually have a 1 charge; the second group (alkaline earths) usually have a 2 charge; halogens usually have a -1 charge; and noble gases typically dont form ions. The metals form a wide variety of ions, usually with a positive charge.

RainyDay Relationships Use of Weather in Wuthering...

RainyDay Relationships Use of Weather in Wuthering Heights In Wuthering Heights by Emily Bronte, numerous references are made to different conditions of weather. Even the title of the novel suggests the storminess present in nearly the entire book. The often-changing weather serves to signify the characters’ personalities, as well as the changes that they go through during the course of their lives. In fact, the first incidence of a reference being made to the weather occurs with a thought of Mr. Lockwood. â€Å"Wuthering being a significant provincial adjective,† he says, â€Å"descriptive of the atmospheric tumult to which its station is exposed in stormy weather† (46). Because Wuthering Heights has been built on the moors, wind†¦show more content†¦If Wuthering Heights is hopelessness and desolation, Thrushcross Grange is peace and salvation. Heathcliff leaves Lockwood at this point, telling his tenant that he will be able to make it the rest of the way on his own. Heathcliff lives at Wuthering Heights because a desolate place is where he belongs, and his not walking the rest of the way to Thrushcross Grange is symbolic of his not being able, or even wanting, to travel toward happiness. Any happiness he had ended when Catherine died. One big turning point marked by stormy weather in the book is the day Heathcliff leaves Wuthering Heights for the first time. After hearing Catherine say that she could never marry him, Heathcliff’s heart is broken and he creeps out of the house. When Catherine realizes his absence, she gets extremely agitated, pacing from the gate to the door of the house and wondering where he could be. The weather in this scene is very ominous. â€Å"It was a very dark evening for summer: the clouds appeared inclined to thunder,† Nelly tells Lockwood (124). Not much later, a horrible storm begins. â€Å"There was a violent wind,† Nelly says, â€Å"and either one or the other split a tree off at the corner of the building...but the uproar passed away in twenty minutes, leaving us all unharmed, excepting Cathy, who got thoroughly drenched† (125). Although it is the middle of summer, one of the times a

Kohlberg s Theory Of Moral Development - 1450 Words

â€Å"Kohlberg developed six stage theory of moral development, and then he group them six into three. Which are higher-order levels of development: Level 1- Pre- Conventional morality which have two stageies 1- obedience and punishment, 2- Individual interest: behavior driven by self-interest and rewards. Level 2- Conventional morality two stageies are 1- interpersonal: behavior driven by social approval, 2- Authority: behavior driven by obeying authority: behavior driven by obeying authority and conforming to social order. Level 3- Post Conventional morality last two stageies is 1- Social Contract: behavior driven by balance of social order and individual rights, 2-universal ethics: behavior driven by internal moral principles (†¦show more content†¦If they morally do wrong and disobey the orders and rules I have set before them. Level 2- Conventional, as law enforcement officers they are to continue to accept the rules of their authority figures. Plus have positive relat ionships with there colleagues and societal order to avoid disapproval. Level 3- Post Conventional, as officers they must uphold there principles and valves. Live by their own ethical principles-- principles that typically include basic human rights as life, liberty, and justice – and view rules as useful but changeable mechanisms, rather than absolute dictates that must be obeyed without question. All three levels reliant on the concept of justice as it enables the concerned authorities to reach their mandate without the abuse of the system or other people within your department. Three types of criminals who are at different stages of moral development? â€Å" Juvenile delinquencies are teenagers whose moral development has been impaired at the third stage. This stage consists of interpersonal and accord conformity as well as authority and social order maintaining law. Juvenile delinquents are unable to recognize the authority of the legally appointed leaders as well their parents ( Woolfolk, 2012 ). They are also unable to respect social norms and the laws that have been instituted by the authorities. Individuals that have not properly developed at stage two, which is driven by self- interest, include insuranceShow MoreRelatedKohlberg s Theory Of Moral Development1981 Words   |  8 PagesMoral development is defined as the aspect of a person’s overall development that will occur over the course of the person’s lifetime. There have been a number of theories that describe how and when moral development occurs in individuals; however, a theory that has become well known and widely accepted in schools, colleges and as well as psychology would have to be Lawrence Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Development. Kohlberg’s model, a stage theory, explains the various stages people encounter in aRead MoreKohlberg s Theory Of Moral Development1684 Words   |  7 Pagesis impacted by education is their morality. This paper will explore Kohlberg’s theory of moral development, which addresses the idea of a person s progression of morality. It will first examine the concept of the theory and its founder. It will then follow with examples from classrooms today, and from my own personal experience as a K-12 student. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the implications of this theory for educational psychology, and encourage an implementation of it that will benefitRead MoreKohlberg s Theory Of Moral Development Essay1053 Words   |  5 PagesKohlberg’s Theory of Moral Development The theory of moral development was founded by the psychologist Lawrence Kohlberg. He argued that starting from infancy extending throughout adulthood, we develop a moral compass that guides us through our life. Each moral judgment can be categorized into three levels, pre-conventional morality, conventional morality, and post-conventional morality, with each level encompassing two stages. As we grow older and gain new experiences, we begin to view the worldRead MoreKohlberg s Moral Development Theory776 Words   |  4 Pagesplay compute games for 15 minutes. She is happily doing that to earn the rewards. Ashley’s point of view that, she looks for her benefit or reward put her in Stage 2 of level 1(Pre-conventional) base on Kohlberg’s Theory which is a Moral development theory. Kohlberg’s Moral Development is based on the reasoning. Pre-conventional level is based on the physical consequences of an act. Reasoning and actions in pre-conventional governed by the standards of others like punishment for stage 1 or rewardRead MoreKohlberg s Theory Of Moral Development1785 Words   |  8 PagesLawrence Kohlberg is the author of a three-level theory that is based on moral development; it includes two stages per level that are very specific to that individual level. Kohlberg s theory blossomed from the theory of Jean piaget s, in which he continued his work. The three levels of Kohlberg’s Theory are the preconventional level, conventional level, and post conventional level. The three levels are put in this order based on the ages that are expected to be in each level. Although it is believedRead MoreKohlberg s Theory Of Moral Development2125 Words   |  9 PagesA human’s moral growth is important because it shows what kind of person they are in our society. Lawrence Kohlberg-- a psychologist-- was quite intrigued with how a human, the same as everyone else, can act differently than others. He found some theories that explain what humans would do in certain situations and why; He solved a piece of the puzzle we call life . In â€Å" Kohlberg s Theory of Moral Development† there are three different levels of moral reasoning: Preconventional, Conventional, andRead MoreKohlberg s Theory Of Moral Development And Moral Maturity Essay1305 Words   |  6 PagesLawrence Kohlberg (1927–1987) is the pioneer of the theory of stages of moral development and participated actively in the development of the fields of moral psychology and moral education. Kohlberg was especially inspired by Jean Piaget, a Swiss psychologist who created the theory of cognitive development. Mark Baldwin, John Dewey, and George Herbert Mead also influenced his thinking (Barger, 2000; Encyclopedia of Education, 2002). In this paper, I will analyze in-depth Kohlberg’s theory and discussRead MoreKohlberg s Theory Of Moral Development1594 Words   |  7 PagesLawrence Kohlberg (1927-1987) further developed the works of Piaget (1896-1980) in regards to moral development. This essay will discuss the strengths and weaknesses of Kohlberg’s theory in a critical manner, looking at the positive aspects of his research and the disadvantages of the types of situations he gave in his experiments, the universal accuracy of his results and the controversial findings of sex differences in regards to morality. Kohlberg advanced Piaget’s theory of moral development andRead MoreKohlberg s Theory Of The Development Of Moral Judgement1693 Words   |  7 PagesKohlberg’s Theory of the Development of Moral Judgement† Lawrence Kohlberg (1927-1987) further developed the works of Piaget (1896-1980) on moral development. This essay will discuss the strengths and weaknesses of Kohlberg’s theory in a critical manner, looking at the positive aspects of his research and the disadvantages of the types of situations he gave in his experiments, the universal accuracy of his results and the controversial findings of sex differences in regards to morality. Kohlberg advancedRead MoreImplications Of Kohlberg s Theory Of Moral Development7968 Words   |  32 PagesImplications of Kohlberg on Learning Abstract The purpose of this study is to examine a teaching strategy based upon Lawrence Kohlberg’s social cognitive theory of moral development. Kohlberg’s theory is examined in articles written by Reimer, Turiel, Walsh, Baek, Grover, Kirman, Ellenwood, Sholl, and Hayes to gain varying perspectives and a comprehensive summary of Kohlberg’s theory. Overarching methods of the theory to implement in the classroom are considered including assessment of moral stages in

Capital Punishment Grievous Crime

Question: Discuss about theCapital Punishmentfor Grievous Crime. Answer: Introduction Capital punishment has been a part of the legal system from ancient times to punish a person who has been found guilty of committing a grievous crime. It is a sanction imposed upon by the government according to which a person is deprived of his life because of a crime committed by him. The crimes which generally constitute capital punishment are crimes such as treason, murders, genocide espionage, crimes against humanity and war crimes. Although 103 countries have totally abolished the concept of capital punishment it is still used by fifty six countries as a punishment for ordinary crimes and six countries for the purpose of war crimes. The topic has been a subject of discussion for the past few decades in the world. The extremist believe that capital punishment is necessary in the society while the liberals believe that it should be abolished with immediate effect (Foster et al., 2017). Ronald Allen Smith had been charged with the murder of two young men who offered him a ride along with his partner in crime. The accused had shot the men in their head and admitted the same three weeks later . He did not plea for a life sentence and instead accepted the death penalty. However he later changed his mind and plead for life imprisonment but his plea was rejected and he was executed through the lethal injection process (Global News, 2017). The main purpose of capital punishment is to make sure that it sets an example before the society so that people think twice before committing any grievous crime. However, the concept has proved to be far more detriment than beneficial for the society. The media plays a vital role in instigation the emotions of public in favor of or against capital punishment (Steiker, 2015). The thesis statement of this paper is that capital punishment is not beneficial for the society and further raises the cost of the government towards its maintenance. The debate over the fact that capital punishment is just and efficient or not has been present from the time capital punishment had been introduced. The moral and philosophical arguments in relation to capital punishment have remarkably remained unchanged over the years. The issue in relation to deterrent effect of capital punishment is one of the main concepts used against the practice of capital punishment. Other oppositions which have been provided against the concept of capital punishment include aesthetic and ethical considerations and errors with respect to the judicial system arising out due to personal, political and cultural corruption. Once such punishments have been applied these kinds of errors cannot be reversed or corrected even if they have been identified. Although the purpose of this kind of punishment is to make sure that it prevents further crimes such as murders it has been far from achieving its results. It is true according to the economic theory that specific c rimes are deterred due to the introduction of punishments and penalties but in case of grievous crimes like murders and treason capital punishment has been far from effective. According to psychological theories of crime person committing grievous crimes such as murders are not in a mental state to understand what the consequences of such action might be. Critiques of capital punishment argue that human life is so very valuable that no human being can be deprived of his life even if he has been involved in a grievous crime like murder. According to the theories of punishments the main purpose of punishment is to make sure that the crime does not occur in future but capital punishment has not been able to provide ant deterrence even if it has than its ill effects overrule the benefits it provides to the society. Innocent people who have been accused due to the skills of the prosecution have and poor defense suffer death sentences and there is no way in which they can get their lives back when the fault bin the justice system is discovered. Only the accused and the victim actually knows what happened at the crime sight whether the killing accounted to a manslaughter or a murder and this fact is brought out according to the skills of the prosecution and defense. The media pays a huge role towards directing the emotions of public towards the victims family or the accused. In most cases the media takes the side of the victims family by focusing on their side of the story and therefore the society becomes emotionally in favor of death punishment without analyzing the actual facts . In the case of Ronald Allen Smith against whom a charge of murder of two young men had been confirmed the media played a similar kind of role. Here also it was seen that death punishment was used as a blunt instrument to help the society. Years after the person had been proved guilty he was deprived of his life where he had gone through significant changes in his character. The punishment just increased the cost of the government without providing any benefit to the society. According to a study conducted by university of Columbia about 68% of the total death penalties have been revered following an appeal which considered the lack of proper defense as a reason for s uch reversals. The arguments provided in favor of capital punishment states that the families of the victim suffer significant loss due to the actions of the accused which cannot be undone and thus capital punishment must be given to the accused in order to make sure that the families and the society have their faith restored in the legal system. However the supporters completely ignore the side of the accuseds family. They also suffer significant emotional break downs and financial problems as they cannot believe that there family members cannot be guilty of such a crime and often spend significant money towards the legal system till the accused is executed. Moreover it is far for convincing that capital punishment provides any benefits to the victims family as till the time all trials are over and a person is executed many years already pass and it brings an emotional change in the individuals. Thus capital punishment in this case also does not provide any benefit to the society. Racism is also one of the factors which cannot be overlooked with respect to capital punishment. It has always been reported that white people often escape the consensus of a death punishment and rarely does the sentence provided to them does gets executed. However when it comes to black people the death sentence allocated to them rarely gets substituted. This leads to partiality and defeats the purpose of equality which is one of the fundamentals on which the judicial system is based. The researcher has also observed that those who have been convicted for killing white people are more likely to be executed with respect to a death sentence as compared to those who have been convicted for killing African-Americans. The supporters of capital punishment argue that it is beneficial for the nation as the government does not have to bear the cost of providing essentials and looking after murderers and rapists. However the practical cost of maintaining capital punishment is a lot higher as compared to looking after the convicts. The cost which the government has to incur in the endless trial procedure along with maintain ethics in the way in which execution is carried out is a lot higher then providing for basic necessities to the convicts in prison. As a life is at stake the judges and lawyers put in extra effort while preparing for and addressing such issue which significantly increases the cost. A hearing involving a lethal injection process includes at least three attorneys with respect to the inmate, three assistant attorney generals, Department of Rehabilitation and Corrections director, the prison warden two law clerks and judges (Adams, 2016). All of them have to be paid by the federal or the state government and such hearings can further continue for a few hours to a few days. The average period which is taken by the judicial system from the time the sentence is provided and execution is done is about 21 years and the cost per case is in millions which is far more than then its alternative which is Life sentence without parole. According to a study conducted by Lewis and Clark Law School and Seattle University the cost of maintaining death penalties to the government is about 3-4 times more than in the case of life imprisonment. According to the study the cost of mainlining death sentence for 61 murderers was around $2.3 million which excluded the prison cost where as the cost for maintaining life imprisonment for 313 murderers was around 1.7 million. In the smiths case the tax paid by the public was unnecessarily wasted and there was no benefit provided to the society as smith was executed after a period of over a decade which evidently caused significant changes to h is character. If smith was not executed and had been provided with a life sentence instead the public money would not have been wasted and he would have served the prison community effectively. According to the social disorganization theory of crime a person indulges in criminal activities if the neighborhood of the person is not suitable and pleasant. According to the theory individuals who have a disadvantaged neighborhood acquire the traits of criminality due to their surrounding environment. Criminal activities are largely a result of conditions which are not favorable within a community. The society in which Mr. Smith resided was subjected to common use of drugs and it was found that the crime committed by him which included the murder of two young men was actually under the influence of a drug known as LSD. The convict himself asked for a death sentence instead of life imprisonment in this case which shows the mental condition of the convict. Life imprisonment would not only have been a better prospect against him but also would have saved money of the government which was wasted in reviewing the appeal made by him to change the death sentence. According to the Intelligence theory of crime less intelligent person are more likely to criminal activities than those who are intelligent. The less intelligent person are not able to achieve things in life as compared to the intelligent person and therefore they take support of crime to fulfill their needs. In this case if smith was intelligent enough he would not have unnecessarily murder two youths. Further he would have made an appeal for life imprisonment when he acknowledges the crime. Using the theory of social disorganization to analyze the root cause of criminal activities crime can be prevented and the making of potential criminals can be stopped if social actors get involved in improving the living condition and neighborhood communities. As the root cause of crime according to the theory is the neighborhood of individuals crime can be stopped if neighborhoods are improved and a favorable living condition is provided to the individuals. They would not need criminal activities to fulfill their needs and would not be gaining any criminal culture as the neighborhood would be imported leading to a crime free society. With respect to the intelligence theory of crime criminal activities can be reduced if less intelligent people are provided with opportunities and counseling. People commit crime as they feel suppressed by other intelligent people and if this feeling can be changed by social actors such as schools and other educational institutions than there would be a lot less criminals in the society. Concluding this paper it can be analyzed that capital punishment does not provide deterrence and further considerably raise the expenses of the government towards its maintenance. It does not provide any benefit to the family of the victims and moreover causes determent to the family of the accused. Media plays an important role in the society with respect to criminals. The society often sees criminals in the way they are portrait by media. Crime in the society can be prevented to a significant extent by using the social disorganization theory and the intelligence theory. If the living conditions are made suitable for the individuals crime rate will decrease automatically. References Adams, D. M. (2016). Belief and death: Capital punishment and the competence-for-execution requirement.Criminal Law and Philosophy,10(1), 17-30. Foster, C., Dodds, J. A., Brannan, S., Campbell, R., Davies, M., English, V., ... Chrispin, E. (2017). Capital Punishment.Journal of Medical Ethics,43(1), 24-25. Global News. (2017). Montana governor requested to review clemency for death-row Canadian Ronald Smith. [online] Available at: https://globalnews.ca/news/3116622/montana-governor-requested-to-review-clemency-for-death-row-canadian-ronald-smith/ [Accessed 15 Feb. 2017]. Steiker, C. S. (2015). Can/Should We Purge Evil Through Capital Punishment?.

Australian Government and Business Structure †MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Australian Government and Business Structure. Answer: Introduction Choosing the legal structure for a business is an important decision which is taken by its owners. The decision has a significant impact on different areas of the business including legal liability, control over operations, and payment of tax[1]. It is a crucial decision and owners are required to evaluate different factors in order to select a suitable structure for the business such as control, limitation of liability, tax implications, flexibility and future needs, continuity of existence, on-going administration and others[2]. A legal structure can be changed by its owners as the business grows or changes. This report will focus on analysing different business structure by evaluating their key characteristics. Further, the report will compare and contrast between advantages and disadvantages of different business structures. In Australia, there are three different business structures which are commonly used by owners[3]. Sole trader Partnership Company Each of these structures has different responsibilities and liabilities which affect costs, asset protection, tax liability and other factors in a business. Owners are not locked in a structure, and they have the option to change the structure as the business grows or changes[4]. In order to select a suitable structure for a business, owners are required to look into advantages and disadvantages of each structure. In a sole trading business structure, a person runs the operations of the business and he/she is responsible for handling different tasks. In this structure, debts and losses of the business are not shared with anyone else. It is a simple and relatively inexpensive structure for starting a new business. As a sole trader, the owner of the business generally take all decisions regarding starting and running the operations, although he/she can employ people for help as well[5]. In sole trading structure, the owner has full control over operations and decisions of the business. The owner can run it how they please and take business decisions without the interference of others. Sole traders are the sole owners of the business which means they retain all the profits of the business. They did not have to share or distribute the revenue to any other person. However, the salary of employees, if any, is required to be paid from the profits[6]. The information regarding working and operations of the business in sole trading remain private in this structure. The information about the business and the owner kept private, unlike, limited companies as their information is public. There is also no reporting requirement for a sole trader. Often people prefer sole traders because they are able to provide a more personal service to local customers than compared to an organisation. The speciality in personal service is more appealing to potential customers, especially in local communities. Due to lack of reporting and full control over operations, sole traders are able to make decisions more quickly than compared to other business structures. It improves efficiency in the business by making it simpler to operate. Sole traders did not have a separate entity in the eyes of the law, like a limited corporation[7]. Therefore, they are subject to unlimited liability. This means business owners can be held personally liable for repaying the debts of the business. The court can give order them to pay their business debts by selling their personal assets and by using their personal savings that they have both inside and outside the business. Sole traders are the only investor in the business, and they find it difficult to raise finance for their business. Due to lack of financial support, they face difficulty while expanding their business in the future. Sole traders make all the decisions in the business which means the owner have to take all decisions without assistance from others. Therefore, the success or failure of the business entirely depends upon the decisions of the sole trader. Sole traders are unable to benefit from economics as compared to limited corporations management and larger firms who invest heavily to purchase in bulk which enables them to charge higher prices for their projects or services[8]. In a partnership business structure, a number of people joined together in order to carry on a business. People select partnership business structure over sole trader if they are entering into a business with another person or a number of people (cannot exceed more than 20 people)[9]. Partnership business structure is divided into two parts general and limited. A partnership firm can include up to 20 partners which mean they are able to fund the business with start-up capital. More partners mean more capital for the business which provides better flexibility and potential growth options[10]. The number of partners is higher than compared to a sole trading business which means more capital for the business, but it is lower than a company since it has the options to raise capital from the public[11]. It is easy to form, manage and run a partnership as compared to a company, whereas, it is more complex than compared to a sole trader. There are less strict reporting and governance requirements as compared to a corporation whereas they are more complex than a sole trader. In a partnership, each partner shares the responsibility of running or operating the business. It allows them to contribute to the business decision-making process by using their abilities which assist in taking beneficial business decisions. Unlike sole traders, the success or failure of the business depends upon the decisions of each partner. While taking business decisions, partners can share their expertise to help each other out in taking effective business decisions. More partners more brains which allow them to take collective decision for solving issues relating to the business. Expertise of each partner assists in decision-making process whereas sole traders take their business decision without assistance from others. Unlike sole traders, partners have to discuss and take collective decisions in the business which increases the chances of disagreements between partners. It is obvious that people have different ideas regarding how a business should run and operate which creates disagreements between partners which might lead to disputes. Often disputes result in dissolving a partnership which is not the case in sole trading structure. General partnerships have unlimited liability which means each partner share financial risks and liability of the business, just like a sole trader. However, partners have the options to create a limited liability partnership in which their liability is limited to the capital that they invest in the business. This structure is similar to a limited liability company without limitations such as complex reporting process while still taking advantages of the flexible business model. All the partners have to sign a partnership agreement which lays down terms of the partnership. This means partners have less freedom in some circumstances than compared to a sole trader. However, as compared to a limited company, the partnership business structure is relatively flexible. Just like sole traders, partners have to pay tax and submit self-assessment tax return each year. They are registered a self-employed and subject to a greater level of personal taxation than compared to a limited company management. Therefore, in some cases, setting up a limited liability company is a more suitable option than compared to a limited liability partnership[12]. In a partnership, partners share profits as per their profits sharing ratio which is provided in the partnership agreement. Generally, partners share equal profits or based on the ratio of their capital contribution. Unlike sole traders, sharing of profits may create conflict between partners result in the dissolution of the partnership[13]. A company business structure is suitable when starting or growing a business. A corporation has separate legal entity from its owners, unlike sole traders or a partnership firm. This means that a company is an artificial person who has individual rights and liabilities and its owners cannot be held personal liability for its debts[14]. It is a complex business structure then compared to a sole trader and a partnership firm, based on its administrative costs and additional reporting requirements. A corporation is registered with Australian Securities and Investment Commission (ASIC), and it has to comply with the regulations providing in the Corporations Act 2001. A company has a separate legal entity which is different from its owners which means it can purchase and sell properties in its name and entered into a contract with other parties. It also means that a company has perpetual succession which means it will continue to exist even after the death of its owner which is not the case in sole traders and partnership firms as they cease to exist as their owners die. The directors of a company are protected under corporate veil, and they cannot be held personally liable for actions of the company. However, its case of fraud or deceptions, the court can use doctrine of piercing of corporate veil to held director liable for their actions[15]. A company has limited liability which means its owners or members cannot be held personally liable for its debts or liabilities. The members are only responsible for the amount of capital invested by them into the firms operations and their personal assets be used for settling companys debts unlike sole traders and general partnership structure. Limited companies are taxed on their profits. For base rate entities (turnover less than $25 million), the tax rate is 27.5 percent, and for other corporations, the current tax rate is 30 percent[16]. Unlike sole traders and partnership firms, the income of a company did not include in the personal income of its members. There are a number of deductions and exemptions available for companies which provide tax advantages to them. The members can claim deductions for train, bus, aeroplane and taxi fare and other accommodations costs such as hotel, travel, food and others. Members can also pay themselves salaries from companys income which provides them tax advantages. Establishing a company is relatively expensive than compared to a sole trader and a partnership firm. Members have to comply with a number of complex requirements and pay different fees for starting a company such as legal, rent, insurance, brochures, consultation and others[17]. There are a number of complex and restrictive regulations which are necessary to comply by a company regarding maintenance of its accounts. As compared to a sole trader and a partnership firm, corporations have to comply with strict reporting system which requires them to submit annual reports. Managing and operating a company require assistance from a number of professionals who perform different duties in order to ensure that the firm is operating effectively[18]. In order to effectively control a company, directors are required to delegate their duties to different employees which makes the process of controlling complex than compared to a sole trader and a partnership firm. There is more complex controlling system in corporations as compared to a sole trader and a partnership. Conclusion In conclusion, each business structure has different advantages, and disadvantages and owners are required to analysing them before selecting a suitable structure for them. The sole trading business structure is relatively inexpensive than compared to a partnership firm or a company. However, a corporation structure provides higher growth opportunities than compared to a sole trader and a partnership. A limited liability partnership incorporates advantages of a separate legal entity without complex reporting and operating requirements of a corporation. Therefore, owners should carefully evaluate different advantages and disadvantages of business structures before selecting the most suitable option for them. Bibliography Adam Wozniak, How to start a business in Australia Choosing a Business Structure (Partnership), 2018 https://www.wecancreate.com/blog/legal-issues/start-business-australia-choosing-business-structure-partnership/ [accessed 21 March 2018]. ASIC, Your business structure, 2018 https://asic.gov.au/for-business/your-business/your-business-structure/ [accessed 21 March 2018]. Australian Government, Business Structure, 2018 https://www.business.gov.au/Info/Plan-and-Start/Start-your-business/Business-structure [accessed 21 March 2018]. Australian Government, Business structures and types, 2017 https://www.business.gov.au/info/plan-and-start/start-your-business/business-structure/business-structures-and-types [accessed 21 March 2018]. Australian Government, Company, 2017 https://www.business.gov.au/info/plan-and-start/start-your-business/business-structure/business-structures-and-types/company [accessed 21 March 2018]. Australian Government, Difference between a sole trader and a company, 2017 https://www.business.gov.au/info/plan-and-start/start-your-business/business-structure/change-business-structure/sole-trader-to-a-company/difference-between-a-sole-trader-and-a-company [accessed 21 March 2018]. Australian Government, Partnership, 2017 https://www.business.gov.au/info/plan-and-start/start-your-business/business-structure/business-structures-and-types/partnership [accessed 21 March 2018]. Australian Government, Sole trader, 2017 https://www.business.gov.au/info/plan-and-start/start-your-business/business-structure/business-structures-and-types/sole-trader [accessed 21 March 2018]. Australian Taxation Office, Company tax rates, 2018 https://www.ato.gov.au/Rates/Company-tax/ [accessed 21 March 2018]. Australian Taxation Office, Partnership, 2018 https://www.ato.gov.au/Business/Starting-your-own-business/Before-you-get-started/Choosing-your-business-structure/Partnership/ [accessed 21 March 2018]. Australian Taxation office, Sole trader, 2016 https://www.ato.gov.au/Business/Starting-your-own-business/Before-you-get-started/Choosing-your-business-structure/Sole-trader/ [accessed 21 March 2018]. Dudley Kneller, Guest post from a Technology Lawyer: Which Australian Business Structure is right for your start-up?, 2015 https://www.buzinga.com.au/buzz/australian-startup-business-structures/ [accessed 21 March 2018]. Legal Vision, Company or Partnership: Which business structure works for you?, 2014 https://legalvision.com.au/company-partnership-business-structure-works/ [accessed 21 March 2018]. Legal123, How to choose the right business structure in Australia, 2016 https://legal123.com.au/how-to-guide/business-structure-australia/ [accessed 21 March 2018]. Marc Walsh, 5 Common Business Structures in Australia, 2018 https://www.altusfinancial.com.au/latest-news-1/5-common-business-structures-in-australia [accessed 21 March 2018]. Small Business, Partnership, 2018 https://www.smallbusiness.wa.gov.au/business-advice/business-structure/partnership [accessed 21 March 2018]. State Library Victoria, Companies, 2018 https://guides.slv.vic.gov.au/companies/structures [accessed 21 March 2018]. Weller, Sally, Erin F. Smith, and Bill Pritchard. "Family or Enterprise? What shapes the business structures of Australian farming?." (2013) 44(2) Australian Geographer 129,142.

Nuclear Power Essays (877 words) - Nuclear Technology,

Nuclear Power Nuclear Power Most of the world's electricity is generated by either thermal or hydroelectric power plants. Thermal power plants use fuel to boil water which makes steam. The steam turns turbines that generate electricity. Hydroelectric power plants use the great force of rushing water from a dam or a waterfall to turn the turbines. The majority of thermal power plants burn fossil fuels because thermal power plants are cheaper to maintain and have to meet less of the governments requirements compared to nuclear power plants. Fossil fuels are coal and oil. The downfall of using fossil fuels is that they are limited. Fossil fuels are developed from the remains of plants and animals that died millions of years ago. Burning fossil fuels has other downfalls, too. All the burning that is required to turn the turbines releases much sulfur, nitrogen gases, and other pollutants into the atmosphere. The cleanest, cheapest, and least polluting power plant of the two types is the hydroelectric power plant. The main reason most countries use thermal versus the hydroelectric is because their countries don't have enough concentrated water to create enough energy to generate electricity. (World Book vol. 14, 586) Nuclear power plants generate only about eleven percent of the world's electricity. There are around 316 nuclear power plants in the world that create 213,000 megawatts of electricity. (INFOPEDIA) Radioactive, or nuclear, waste is the by-product of nuclear fission. Fission occurs when atoms' nucleus' split and cause a nuclear reaction. (General Information) When a free neutron splits a nucleus, energy is released along with free neutrons, fission fragments that give off beta rays, and gamma rays. A free neutron from the nucleus that just split splits another nucleus. This process continues on and is called a chain reaction. (World Book vol. 14, 588) The fission process is used to create heat, which boils water inside the nuclear reactor. The steam that boiling the water makes is used to turn turbines, which in turn, generate electricity. Fission happens inside a carefully monitored nuclear reactor, when being used in a nuclear power plant. The fission process that nuclear power plants use spends approximately 30,000 tons of highly radioactive waste a year. (General Information) In a nuclear power plant, Uranium is used as fuel to boil the water for the steam that makes the turbines turn. So, uranium is, in a sense, the coal of a coal-fired power plant. When fueling nuclear power plants, the uranium arrives as uranium-enriched pellets. These pellets are an equivalent to one ton of coal. The pellets are sealed in tubes that are made of a strong heat- and corrosion-resistant metal alloy. This metal alloy will protect people and the environment from the high levels of radiation that the uranium is giving off. The tubes are bundled together to make a fuel assembly. The assemblies are put inside the reactor to create heat that will boil the water. The fuel assemblies are used until they are depleted. A fuel assembly is depleted when it no longer givman, 15) A repository is a storage facility that stores high-level nuclear waste deep underground so the waste can not harm or effect people or the environment. (DOE's Yucca Mountain Studies) With the technology that we [humankind] have toady. Scientists believe it to be possible to make a repository somewhere. The guidelines of a repository are mainly if the geologic location will work out (i.e. will an earthquake be able to rupture it, will water be able to corrode the repositories outer wall.). To make sure that the repository would be able to stay unscathed for thousands of years, scientists in all areas of science are making predictions of what could happen over the time period. According to U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) standards, a repository may pose no greater threat than unmined uranium from which the high-level waste was produced. (General Information) The repository the DOE is wanting to make has to be proven that it will still be isolated underground in 10,000. After this extensive time, the high-level waste should no longer be radioactive enough to harm the public health. (General Information) A rem is a unit scientist use to measure radiation exposure. Over a persons lifetime, they usually receive 7-14 rems of natural sources of radiation, such as cosmic rays and ultraviolet rays from the sun. On a single exposure of 5-75 rems, there are few to no noticeable symptoms. For someone to receive 75-200 rems of exposure, vomiting, fatigue, and loss of appetite would occur. Recovery would take a few weeks. If someone were to be exposed to more than 300 rems, severe changes in blood cells

Sample Essay Admission High School

Sample Essay Admission High SchoolAdmission to a college or university is based on the student's High School diploma. However, it has been a practice to write a sample essay when attending college or university for the first time. These sample essays are considered to be an important part of the application forms for most colleges.To prepare for a college admission exam, you need to have knowledge about the subject matter. It is important that you know the basic information about the subjects you want to study. Your high school diploma may not be enough to guide you to the right path of studying but at least you can do a good job in preparing a sample essay.Your high school diploma may not be sufficient for an admissions test for a particular university. Hence, you need to show your knowledge in the subject before the tests for admission. You should have some samples in writing to share with your teacher. This will help you write a good essay to impress the admissions committee of yo ur college.There are many sample essays that will be useful for Elementary Education. They can also be used for the Bachelor of Science or for a Bachelor of Arts. You can even use the ones for these subjects as a sample to explain what your academic knowledge is. Since these essays will mostly cover your writing skills, you should have some knowledge of how to use the English language to explain the subject. Your writing should not have the same style as the essays of an English professor, so that the essays are more understandable.Writing a good essay is not an easy task. There are many rules and guidelines for writing a good essay. There are also resources online where you can find some of the writing samples for your essay.All students who go to high school to get admission should prepare a sample essay for their high school diploma. You can write a sample essay for the subjects you want to study. This will help you write a well-written essay that will impress the admissions comm ittee of your college.You can also submit a sample essay for your college admission so that your essays will be taken seriously. Many colleges and universities prefer the essays that have interesting subjects or themes. It is important that you can write a good essay in front of the admissions committee so that they can determine if you have the skill to become a student of their college.

The Gap essays

The Gap essays In Canada, the United States and Britain there is an increasing gap between the rich and the poor. The gap has become so large that the richest 1% of Americans holds 42% of its nations wealth. Similarly the richest 1% in Canada holds 25%, and in Britain they hold 18% of the nations wealth. This huge inequality causes many problems in the economy. The poverty and homelessness rate are on the rise. In London there are more than 100 000 homeless people. The per capita is the same for most American cities. Canada isnt quite as bad, although the poverty rate has risen more in the last few years than the U.S. and Britain. Now nearly one in five Canadians live below the poverty line. The gap has caused almost a two tier effects to our society. The rich have begun living in closed in communities where healthcare and other necessities are paid for. The healthcare system has also changed because of the gap. The richest receive healthcare faster because they are able to go to the healthcare and pay for it themselves. This can be a problem in countries like the U.S. that has a healthcare system hinged on insurance rather than government health coverage. Some may not be able to pay for the proper insurance for necessary medical treatments. In respects to education the rich can afford to send their children to university and private schools. 76% of those who get B.A. degrees come from families in the top quarter for earnings. Also, less than 4% of those coming from families in the bottom quarter earn degrees at university. This means that lower income families are just not receiving the same opportunities as the rich. As this cycle continues it leaves more and more people with high school educations that are not going to get jobs with good incomes. This widens the gap; it is also hurtful to the moral of those with lower incomes. The gap is continuously getting bigger. We need to look at Euro ...

Burberry Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Burberry - Case Study Example However, in 2005, General Universal Stores divested their stake in 2005. The current CEO of the group is Angela Ahredts, who replaced Rose Marie Bravo. (Burberry Official Website, 2010) From its inception, the brand has experienced massive growth and now owns thousand of outlets and franchises throughout England. The company specializes in menwear, womenwear, childrenwear and non-apparel garments. Out of these, the largest share of its revenue comes from womenwear. Burberry is also a household name in the international market. This feat was achieved with the recent trend of globalization and this is where the company pays most attention. The company has no distinctive mission statement. However, reading on from their annual reports it can be seen that the company wants to maximize its revenues in order to increase the business profitability. This is what the entire team and the management of Burberry plc works for and for many years now. In order to achieve their mission of maximizing revenue the company is trying to streamline their operations by moving towards focused collection. Although, this is a generic term but it implies that the company is moving toward more balanced collection in terms of design, style and quality. The company is doing this through constant innovation strategies. They have increased the frequency of new designs coming to retail outlets. The brand also aims to achieve its objective by increasing productivity, streamlining store operations, by adopting a policy of quick expansion and by making use of the latest technology to make their operations more and more efficient. (Burberry Annual Reports of 2008, 2009) From our discussion about Burberry plc Group, we can see that it has been doing brilliantly since its inception. However, in the recent years, the firm is facing some challenges in the form of recession and fierce competition in the industry due to entry of a lot of new firm in this market to cater the needs of the consumer. In the next part of this report, we are going to look at some of the strategies that Burberry has adopted to counter these challenges. Burberry has been greatly affected by the ongoing recessionary phase in which we find global economy in. Economic recession has affected Burberry indirectly in an adverse way. As a result of economic recession, people's purchasing power has been deteriorating and now they have to think twice when buying a luxury item like Burberry. As a result of this, Burberry's profits are fast falling and irked the top management of the company for sometimes now. One example of how Burberry is been affected by continuing recession can be seen in the Burberry Group's income statement for the year which shows a profit of 99.8m as compared to 170.9m that were earned a year before. This was decline of approximately 41%. This shows how badly the firm is affected by the current recessionary wave that the world is experiencing. Another thing that worries Burberry's management is the structure of supply-chain of the company. The company finds that in few of the firm's product categories, it relies on small number of supplier. As a result, these suppliers command more authority over Burberry and this over reliance on few suppliers can cause a lot of trouble to Burberry. However, the only way the situation can be improved is by restructuring the supply-chain management of the company, which the company is trying to undertake with some success. Similarly, most of the firm's